![]() May turn life-threatening due to serious airway obstruction. Laryngeal cancer: Causing persistent cough and sore throat, pain during swallowing, development of a lump in the throat or neck, earache, and hoarseness of voice įractured or dislocated larynx: Can result from a severe direct blow to the neck or throat, such as during some sport or due to a car accident. Laryngitis (inflammation of larynx): Usually occurring due to some viral infection, along with the common symptoms it may lead to swollen glands around the throat, pain, burning sensation, swallowing difficulty, flu-like symptoms, tiredness, and a mild fever. Hoarseness, loss of voice, and sore throat are the common symptoms of most laryngeal issues. Change in the vibration speed and tension of the vocal fold varies the pitch produced. Vibrations of the true vocal folds allow humans to make sounds such as speaking and singing, while the false vocal folds are responsible for resonance. įunction in speech production: There are two pairs of vocal folds (mucous membrane structures) in the larynx, the false vocal folds and the true vocal folds. Once the food passes into the esophagus, the epiglottis goes back to its original position to facilitate the passage of air. įunction in the Digestive system: It also plays a vital role in channeling swallowed food into the esophagus, as the epiglottis covers the entrance to the larynx, keeping food and drink from entering the windpipe. During inhalation, air enters through the nasal cavity and mouth, traveling through the pharynx, larynx, and bronchi (the two primary branches of the trachea) to finally reach the lungs. Another primary function of the voice box is producing sounds and speech.įunction in the respiratory system: Providing smooth passage of air from the nasal cavity to the lungs. The respiratory and digestive systems separate at the larynx, making it a vital organ in the function of both. ![]() The infraglottis receives sensory innervation from the RLN. Recurrent laryngeal nerve: Originates from the vagus nerve, and provides motor intervention to the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. The former innervates the Supraglottis, providing general sensation to the area. Superior laryngeal nerve: Arising from the vagus nerve’s inferior ganglion , the superior laryngeal nerve has two branches – internal and external. The larynx receives its sensory and motor innervation from the vagus nerve, via the following two branches : All these muscles are in matches of a left and a right muscle, except for the transverse interarytenoid. This group includes the thyroarytenoid, cricothyroid, posterior cricoarytenoid, transverse arytenoid, and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles. The intrinsic muscles are located within the larynx, where they control the tension upon the rima glottidis as well as the vocal cords. Infrahyoid group: Contains the omohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternohyoid, and sternothyroid muscles that help to lower the larynx and the hyoid bone. Suprahyoid group: Consists of the digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and stylohyoid muscles that function collectively to lift the larynx. This group consists of eight laryngeal muscles that are further classified into two groups: Muscles in this group attach somewhere within the larynx, and then to an external site, like the hyoid bone. The vessels draining below the human vocal folds follow the inferior thyroid artery to empty into upper tracheal lymph nodes. The lymphatic vessels draining above the human vocal folds follow the superior laryngeal artery to empty into the deep cervical lymph nodes. ![]() īoth the laryngeal veins use the same path as the laryngeal arteries. Inferior laryngeal vein: Empties in the left brachiocephalic vein, through the inferior thyroid veins. Superior laryngeal vein: Empties into the superior thyroid veins, which then drain into the internal jugular vein (IJV). Inferior laryngeal artery: Originating from the inferior thyroid artery (that arises from the thyrocervical trunk), it enters the larynx through the space between the trachea and esophagus, alongside the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Superior laryngeal artery: Branching out from the superior thyroid artery (STA), it runs through the thyrohyoid membrane (or hyothyroid membrane) to provide for the laryngeal glands, muscles, and mucous membrane. Larynx Anatomy Laryngeal Nerves and Blood Supply Arteries
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